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Aruneya Upanishad, also known as Aruneyi Upanishad, Arunika Upanishad, Aruni Upanishad, is one of the 108 Upanishadic Hindu scriptures, written in Sanskrit. It is one of the 16 Upanishads under the Samaveda. It classified as a Sannyasa Upanishad. It deals with the code of conduct for a Sannyasi (Hindu monk), a practitioner of Sannyasa or renunciation. The Upanishad also tells about Paramahamsa Parivrajaka, the highest class of ascetics. The text is told as a sermon from the god Prajapati (identified with Brahma in some commentaries) to the sage Aruni, who gives his name to this Upanishad. ==Contents== The ''Aruneya Upanishad'' is presented as a conversation between the sage Aruni and the Vedic god Prajapati (some translations consider Prajapati an epithet of Brahma).〔 Aruni visits Prajapati and asks him to advise him on ways to complete the work. Prajapati tells him to relinquish all relationships (sons, brothers, sisters, friends etc.) as well as external symbols like the a hair tuft and the sacred thread. He must also give up on the study of Vedas, in the world. Prajapati also tells Aruni to abandon the seven upper realms of the universe - Bhur, Bhuvah, Svar, Mahas, Jana, Tapas, Satya, and the seven lower realms of “Atala, Patala, Vitala, Sutala, Rasatala, Mahatala, Talatala, and egg of creation of the world." He tells Aruni to retain a staff, an upper apparel and a loin cloth as clothing, and give up all material things of life. Prajapati instructs Aruni that in any of the three stages of life (ashram) - Brahmacharya (celibate student life), Grihastha (as a householder), and in Vanaprastha (forest dwelling stage), one should perform fire sacrifices to quench the fire in the stomach, and recite Gayatri mantra during the fire sacrifice. He should dispense with his hair tuft and the sacred thread into the ground or submerge it in water. In Brahmacharya stage, as a pupil, he should forego all attachments with his relatives, surrender his begging bowl and filtering cloth as well as the realms of the universe and also discontinue performing fire sacrifices which give him material comforts.〔 As a renouncer, he should discontinue reciting the Vedas so that he does not aspire to go up to the higher plane. He should bathe thrice a day - morning, noon, and evening - and intensely meditate to unite with Atman (soul). He should recite only the Aranyaka section of the Vedas and repeat nothing but the Upanishads. As a renouncer, who has realized what is Brahman, he should throw away the three stringed sacred thread which identifies him as a Brahmin and utter three times the words: “I have renounced, I have renounced, I have renounced”. He holds a bamboo staff and wear only the loin-cloth, characteristic of an ascetic and be very frugal in eating as if it is a medication. Holding his staff, he should declare his intentions thus: “You are my friend, guard me, you are energy and friend to me, you are (god ) Indra’s thunderbolt.” As an itinerant monk, his approach should be of truthfulness, he should be chaste in thinking, utterances and actions, and he should not resort to any kind of violence or deceit. Prajapati further tells about the Paramahamsa Parivrajaka, the highest class of monks. They are wandering monks who are believed to have attained enlightenment. They remain homeless, sleep and sit only on the ground, live by begging with a bowl made of mud or gourd or wood. He should not be avaricious. He should be without ego, forego lust or anger, not utter falsehood, be free from jealousy, and not getting attached to any material things. During the four months of rainy season, he should reside at one place, and in the balance eight months, he should be a wandering monk on his own.〔 After getting full knowledge of the Vedas achieved by religious initiation by a guru or the sacred thread ceremony or even before that, the renouncer, cuts off all links with family and friends, his work and gives up the sacred thread and fire sacrifices as well as all material objects. He should go to a village only with intent to beg for food and eat only what he gains as alms. He should recite the Om mantra eternally as an Upanishad's diktat. He who realizes this becomes a wise man. Ultimately, he abandons his staff (in case of a Brahmin the staff is made of Palasa wood, as Vaishya his staff is of Bilva wood, and as Kshatriya the staff is made of Ashwatha wood), clothing, the sacrificial thread and eventually becomes a "conqueror" and succeeds in acquiring the knowledge of the Vedic injunction - which leads to emancipation - as:〔 The final hymn about Vishnu originates from the Rig Veda and appears in other Upanishadic texts like Skanda Upanishad, Nrisimha Tapaniya Upanishad, Vasudeva Upanishad and Muktika Upanishad. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aruneya Upanishad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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